Report on the Work of the Supreme

People's Court

Delivered at the Second Session of the Twelfth

National People's Congress on March 10, 2014

By Zhou Qiang, President of the

Supreme People's Court

Fellow Deputies,

On behalf of the Supreme People's Court (SPC), I now present to you the report on the work of the SPC for your deliberation, and I welcome comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

Review of Work in 2013

In 2013, the SPC, under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary, and under the effective supervision of the National People's Congress (NPC) and its standing committee, closely centered on the goal of “letting the people to feel fairness and justice in each judicial case，” adhered to serving the overall situation, administrating justice for the people and maintaining judicial fairness, performed the duties conferred by the Constitution and laws faithfully, and made new progress in all the work. During the year, The SPC accepted and heard 11,016 cases of various types, up 3.2% over 2012, and concluded 9,716 cases, up 1.6% over 2012. Local people's courts at various levels accepted and heard 14.217 million cases of various types, up 7.4% over 2012, and concluded and enforced 12.947 million cases, up 4.4% over 2012. It made a positive contribution to promoting safety and rule of law in the country, by fully performing its functions.

I．Punishing crimes, Protecting Human Rights and Resolving Contradictions in accordance with Laws to Safeguard Social Harmony and Stability

——Punishing the crimes of endangering national security and social stability in accordance with laws. The people's courts at various levels concluded 954,000 criminal cases of first instance, and convicted 1.158 million criminals. The people's courts severely punished the crimes of endangering national security and public safety through inciting to split the country and launching violent terrorist attacks, and of greatly threatening the safety of people's lives and properties. The people's courts concluded 250,000 cases of severe crimes, including homicide, robbery, kidnapping, explosion, rape, the trafficking in women and children, and organized crime committed by Mafia－like gang. A total of 325,000 criminals involved in these cases were convicted and punished. The SPC issued guidance jointly with other organizations concerned to punish according to law the crimes of sexual aggression against children and the crimes against campus safety, and to strengthen juvenile protection. The SPC published a judicial interpretation on handling the criminal cases of theft, racketeering and looting. The people's courts at various levels concluded 303,000 criminal cases of property violations and convicted 398,000 criminals in total. It released judicial interpretations on handling criminal cases of picking quarrels and provoking troubles, and fabricating and spreading false terrorism information, guided local courts to correctly hear the relevant cases, and punished the crimes of disrupting public order according to law. It also published a judicial interpretation on handling criminal cases of defamation on the Internet, unified the application of laws, and fought against the crimes of starting and mongering rumors through networks, to maintain a sound network environment. It punished the illegal and criminal acts of disrupting the medical order according to law, and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of medical staff and patients. It clarified the identification criterion of “drunk driving”. The people's courts at various levels concluded 90,000 criminal cases involving dangerous driving. Meanwhile, they also took an active part in anti－drug campaign, with 95,000 drug－related crimes concluded and 99,000 criminals convicted. The SPC shared no efforts in the review of death sentences by being stringent with the facts, evidence and legal provisions relating to the cases, to ensure that the death penalty shall only be applied to a very small number of criminals who have committed extremely serious crimes.

——Punishing the crimes of economic offences, embezzlement, bribery and dereliction of duty according to law. The SPC issued guidance opinions on handling criminal cases of organizing and leading pyramid selling. The people's courts at various levels concluded 50,000 cases of economic crime involving pyramid selling, smuggling, money laundering, illegal fund－raising, financial swindling, insider trading, and business bribery, and convicted 69,000 criminals. The people's courts gave full play to the function of criminal justice in cracking down corruption, intensified fight against the crimes of embezzlement and bribery. 29,000 cases involving embezzlement, bribery and dereliction of duty were concluded, with 31,000 criminals convicted, including several high－profile cases, such as the case of bribery, embezzlement and abuse of power by Bo Xilai, and the case of bribery and abuse of power by Liu Zhijun. All these efforts further promote the anti－corruption struggle in depth.

——Punishing the crimes of endangering food safety and environmental pollution in accordance with law. The SPC actively responded to the concerns of the people, issued a judicial interpretation on handling the crime of endangering food safety. The people's courts at various levels concluded 2,082 related cases and convicted 2,647 criminals in total. The SPC issued a judicial explanation on handling criminal cases of polluting the environment, and intensified the punishment on the crime of polluting the environment. It also disclosed several typical criminal cases, including the case of Wang Changbing who produced and sold poisoned food, and the case of Hu Wenbiao and Ding Yuesheng who threw hazardous substances to contaminate the environment, so as to forcefully deter criminal offenders.

——Resolutely preventing and correcting wrongful convictions.  The SPC respected and protected human rights, adhered to the principles of legality, evidence judgment and presumption of innocence, and strictly excluded illegally obtained evidences. The people's courts at various levels acquitted according to law 825 people for lack of evidence and reasonable doubts, and ensured innocent people from being subject to criminal sanctions. The people's courts further strengthened communication with lawyer associations, highly valued the issues reflected by the lawyer associations and lawyers, respected and guaranteed lawyers to perform their duties according to law. The people's courts took resolute measures to correct several major unjust, false and erroneous cases in accordance with law, such as “the case of rape and murder by Zhang nephew and uncle，” and learnt profound lessons from them. Meanwhile, The people's courts strengthened evidence review, made the court hearing fully functional, divided work with the public security and procuratorial organs for cooperation and mutual restriction, established and improved a working mechanism preventing unjust, false and erroneous criminal cases, and defended the bottom line of preventing wrongful convictions.

——Properly resolving social conflicts.  The SPC adhered to the principles of legality and voluntariness to regulate judicial mediation. The people's courts at various levels handled 4.798 million cases through mediation and withdrawal of lawsuits. The SPC supported arbitration institutions to well function according to law, and 133,000 arbitral awards were concluded and enforced. It strengthened mediation for civil claims annexed to criminal cases, improved the assistance system for criminal victims, and protected the legitimate rights and interests of the victims. It actively participated in social governance, improved court－annexed ADR, strengthened pre－litigation mediation, upheld and developed the “Fengqiao Experience”， guided and supported mediation among the people. In result, a great deal of disputes can be resolved at the grassroots and before litigation, so as to promote social harmony.

II.Hearing Economic Cases according to Law to Promote Healthy and Sustainable Economic Development

——Strengthening commercial adjudication. The SPC equally protected the legitimate rights and interests of all kinds of market entities according to law, and provided judicial guarantee to speed up transformation of economic development patterns, and make economic progress while maintaining stability. The people's courts at various levels concluded 3.957 million commercial cases of first instance. The SPC issued a judicial interpretation on enterprise bankruptcy law to standardize bankruptcy procedure, and guarantee creditors to have fair compensation. The people's courts at various levels concluded 1,998 cases of enterprise bankruptcy. Meanwhile, the SPC also issued judicial interpretations on the insurance law and export credit insurance. The people's courts at various levels concluded 714,000 financial dispute cases concerning insurance, securities and bills. Moreover, the SPC further enhanced judicial response to new situations and problems emerging in economic and social development, seriously studied legal issues serving the real economy and private lending, duly put forward judicial suggestions, and actively prevented and precluded risks.

——Strengthening intellectual property rights adjudication. The people's courts protected the patent rights, copyrights and trademark rights according to law, intensified judicial protection of Internet intellectual properties rights, cracked down unfair competition and monopoly according to law, to maintain a sound market environment for fair competition, and to promote the construction of the national innovation system. The people's courts at various levels concluded 100,000 cases of first instance on intellectual properties. The courts were also actively involved in the specific action of cracking down on infringement of intellectual properties, and manufacturing and selling of counterfeit goods, published white paper and typical cases on judicial protection of intellectual properties, and established a sound image of China in judicial protection of intellectual properties.

——Enhancing Maritime Trials involving Foreign Parties, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Overseas Chinese, and Strengthening Judicial Exchanges and Cooperation. The people's courts gave equal protection to the legitimate rights and interests of the parties involved from home and abroad, to facilitate development of the open economy. The people's courts at various levels concluded 5,364 foreign－related commercial cases of first instance, 15,000 cases involving Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and 11,000 cases of maritime affairs and maritime commerce. The people's courts properly heard cases on maritime pollution and resources development, to effectively safeguard maritime rights and interests of the country. The people's courts attached great importance to the adjudication of cases involving Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and overseas Chinese, and safeguarded the legitimate rights and interests of compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and returned overseas Chinese and their relatives. The courts actively launched judicial exchanges and cooperation with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and other countries, promoted the convening of the second Cross－Strait & Hong Kong, Macao High－level Judicial Forum in Taiwan, and handled 13,000 international and regional judicial assistance cases including service of documents, taking of evidence, and judgment recognition.

III.Adhering to Justice for the People, and Safeguarding Legitimate Rights and Interests of the People according to Law

——Improving civil adjudication. The people's courts endeavored to safeguard and improve people's livelihood in conformity with law. The people's courts at various levels concluded 3.554 million civil cases of first instance. The SPC issued judicial interpretations on the trials of labor dispute cases and food and drug dispute cases, and guiding opinions on intensifying judicial protection of consumer rights and interests. The courts at various levels concluded 537,000 cases relating to personal injury, labor employment, education, medical treatment, housing and consumption. The SPC highly valued the issues of agriculture, farmers and rural areas, protected the rights and interests of farmers, promoted agricultural development, and concluded 203,000 cases involving transfer of rural land use rights, house site disputes, and defaults of migrant worker salaries. It also emphasized the protection of legitimate rights and interests of rural left－behind elderly, women, children, and the disabled, and concluded 1.612 million cases of marriage, family, child－raising and inheritance to promote family harmony. The courts concluded 2,464 cases of resources development and environment protection, promoted environmental non－profit litigations, and facilitated construction of beautiful China. We paid high attention to safeguarding the legal rights involving the army, hearing cases involving the army, improving the judicial organs and working mechanism for the cases involving the army, and effectively safeguarding the interests of national defense and the legitimate rights and interests of the servicemen and their families.

——Improving administrative adjudication and state compensation.  The people's courts heard administrative proceedings pursuant to law, effectively protected legitimate rights and interests of the citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and promoted administrative departments in exercising their functions and powers in accordance with law. The people's courts at various levels concluded 121,000 administrative cases of first instance. Meanwhile, The people's courts also properly heard housing demolition administrative proceedings of high social concerns, protected legitimate rights and interests of the removed according to law, and supported the local governments to improve environment and develop economy. The people's courts enhanced the coordination for administrative cases and the enforcement for non－lawsuit administrative cases to facilitate the settlement of administrative disputes. The people's courts duly provided feedback to the administrative organs on prominent issues of administrative law enforcement found in the course of case hearing, in order to promote positive interaction between the judicial and administrative organs. The SPC worked with the Ministry of Justice to promulgate an opinion on strengthening legal aid for state compensation, to guarantee that the impoverished people exercise their rights claiming for compensation according to law. The SPC issued a judicial interpretation on the application of cross－examination procedure in the trial of state compensation cases so as to ensure state compensation procedure open and transparent. The people's courts at various levels concluded 2,045 cases of state compensation, involving 87.352 million RMB of indemnity.

——Resolving the appeals of the people who initiated litigation－related petitions through letters and visits pursuant to law. The people's courts strengthened the concept of the masses, intensified governance at the source, established long－term mechanism, shifted the work priority to the community level, and continually improved litigation－related petitions through letters and visits. The SPC set up the circuit supervision collegial panel and toured the country with cases to facilitate solving cases on the spot. The people's courts at various levels received 539,000 petitioners, down 10.2% year on year. The SPC promoted the reform of the working mechanism for litigation－related petitions, improved the mechanisms of “separating litigations from petitions” and case settlement, and encouraged the third party including lawyers to participate in the process of resolving litigation－related petitions. The SPC reinforced supervision of adjudication, safeguarded the rights of the parties involved for petitions and the application for retrial. The people's courts concluded 116,000 petition cases and the applications for retrials, retried 30,000 cases according to law, and changed 1,415 original verdicts which were wrong in original judgments or due to other statutory circumstances, accounting for 0.09% of the effective judgments.

——Focusing on resolving the problem of difficult enforcement.  The people's courts at various levels accepted 2.989 million enforcement cases, with 2.718 million enforced effectively, up 14% and 10.2% respectively year on year. Among them, 21,000 cases involved government organs and institutions, valuing 25.6 billion RMB. The SPC launched a special program for the enforcement of cases relating to people's livelihood at the end of 2013, concluding 30,000 cases amounting to the value of 1.14 billion RMB. The SPC established a name list of the faithless persons subjected to execution, and exposed them to the public. Under the support of the Central Civilization Affairs Office, Ministry of Public Security, State－owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, State Administration for Industry and Commerce, China Banking Regulatory Commission, State Civil Aviation Administration, and China Railway Corporation, 72,000 faithless persons subject to enforcement were disciplinarily punished, among which around 20% fulfilled their duties in awe of credit punishment. The SPC fully promoted construction of the point－to－point network monitoring enforcement mechanism with other departments assisting in case execution, including financial institutions, land and resources administration organs and administrations of industry and commerce, with the aim of intensifying anti－circumvention enforcement. The SPC further facilitated the construction of the enforcement command center, integrated enforcement resources, and improved enforcement efficiency. The SPC brought forth a new auction mode for enforcement, in which we held judicial auctions through the Internet to reduce auction costs and raise the rate of amortization.

——Easy access to justice. The SPC promoted a series of work including litigation guidance according to circumstances, appointments－making to file a case, electronic service of documents, circuit case handling, and remote video court hearing. The SPC further standardized the service for case－filing and petition through letters and visits, and endeavored to make people easy access to justice in every stage covering case－filing, trials, enforcement, and petitions. The SPC drove on the construction of people's tribunals for the convenience of people to make lawsuits nearby. The SPC further enhanced the work of risk tips and questions answering after the trials, to guide the parties to a rational lawsuit. The SPC determined to hear simple cases with summary procedure, to alleviate litigation burdens of the parties involved. It also took sweeping measures for judicial remedies. The people's courts at various levels mitigated 190 million RMB legal costs for the parties involved in real difficulty.

IV.Deepening Judicial Openness and Promoting Judicial Fairness

——Intensifying open court trials.  The SPC actively carried forward justice in sunshine, released case facts, verdict evidences, debate viewpoints, and grounds of decisions in a comprehensive and objective way, so as to facilitate people's understanding of judicial adjudication, and manifest civilization and dignity of rule of law. It set up China's Court Trial Live Broadcast Network, and made 45,000 live broadcasts of court trials in people's courts at various levels. The SPC live broadcasted court trials of socially concerned high－profile cases, for instance, Jinan Intermediate People's Court brought on a complete live broadcast via microblog for the court session of Bo Xilai case, which got favorable result.

——Speeding up online publishing of written judgments.  The SPC promulgated the regulation governing people's courts to publish written judgments on the Internet, and set up the China Written Judgments Network. Since then, 3,858 effective SPC written judgments and 1.646 million effective written judgments of local people's courts at various levels have been disclosed on the Internet, which fully display the role of written judgments in spreading legal knowledge, guiding social custom, regulating public behavior, establishing correct orientations, and delivering positive energy of rule of law, while facilitating the improvement of professional competence and judicial level of judges.

——Bringing forth new forms of judicial openness.  The SPC endeavored to reinforce the construction of three platforms for open trial procedures, open written judgments and open enforcement information, fully carried forward openness in case－filing, court trials, execution, hearing, documents and judicial affairs, to prevent black box operation. The SPC enhanced the construction of its official affairs website, and opened the SPC official accounts on Sina Microblog, WeChat and news terminals, and established the “national court Microblog release hall” to timely issue trial execution information to the public, and facilitate the people to acquaint with court work through the new media. The SPC also launched the theme open day activity, and invited NPC delegates, CPPCC members, the public and minors to go into courts and approach judges to experience court work at a zero distance.

——Providing technical support for judicial openness. The SPC formulated a five－year plan of information－based construction in people's courts, carried forward the construction of a nationwide court information network, known as “Scale Project”， to comprehensively elevate the information－based level. The SPC developed technology tribunals and promoted whole－course audio and video recordings of court trials. The SPC set up the information management center, facilitated integrated use of judicial information resources at the four levels of courts, and provided technological guarantee for deepening judicial openness.

V．Carrying Out Judicial Reform, Intensify Supervision and Guidance, and Improving Judicial Performances

——Reforming the trial operating mechanism. The SPC actively carried forward the reform of the jurisdiction operating mechanism, and the reform of litigation－related petition work mechanism. It cooperated with other organs to annul the system of re－education through labor, and explored to establish summary procedure for handling minor criminal cases. It guided to establish special tribunals in supply of judicial guarantee and services for the operation of Shanghai Free Trade Pilot Zone. It supported Hengqin of Zhuhai City and Qianhai of Shenzhen City to experiment with establishing new operating mode of courts. It carried forward standardization of sentencing, formulated guiding opinions on common crimes sentencing, and promoted open, transparent, fair and just sentencing.

——Reinforcing the work of people's juror assessors.  The SPC carried forward judicial democracy, and expedited channels that ensured the public to participate in and supervise judicial work according to law. The people's courts at various levels organized people's assessors to participate in the trial of 1.695 million cases, accounting for 73.2% of trials of first instance in common procedure. The SPC launched the Multiplication Program of people's assessors, and appointed 38,000 more new people's assessors. It standardized the modes and procedures governing people's jurors to participate in trials, enhanced training, and elevated people's juror capacity to fulfill their duties. It submitted a special report to the NPC Standing Committee on the work of people's assessors and earnestly implemented the deliberation opinion, to facilitate healthy development of people's assessors system.

——Strengthening supervision guidance and judicial management.  The SPC formulated opinions on carrying out justice for the people, enhancing judicial justice, and improving judicial credibility, supervised and guided local people's courts at various levels to improve trial quality and efficiency. It actively formulated and sorted out judicial interpretations, issued 28 judicial interpretations, which fully displayed the role of judicial interpretations, promoted reform and development, guaranteed people's rights and interests, and promoted social progress. The SPC also released 14 guiding cases, and unified judicial standards for the same type of cases. The SPC beefed up case quality assessment and trial limit management, standardized management of commutation and release on parole, strictly implemented the application conditions and procedures for temporarily serving a sentence outside prison, and promoted judicial fairness and efficiency. In total, 91.1% of those standing trial of first instance accepted judgments, and did 98.6% of those brought to trial of second instance.

VI.Insist on strict management and strengthen construction of court team

——Carrying out solidly the Party's mass line education and practice activity. The SPC earnestly studied the series of important speeches of General Secretary Xi Jinping, and strengthened the aim consciousness and the concept of the mass. The SPC adhered to opening the door for activities, and seriously listened to people's opinions and suggestions through going deep to the community for investigation and publicly soliciting opinions. The SPC strictly implemented the “Eight－point Regulation” of the Party Central Committee, enhanced improvement of the judicial work style, publicly exposed cases of disciplinary violations, and resolutely rectified formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and extravagance existing in people's courts. The SPC established 31 rectification measures around prominent issues the public most concerned in case－filing, trials and execution, and achieved substantive results for the stage.

——Strengthening the construction of disciplinary working style and anti－corruption.  The SPC carried out concentrated education on judicial integrity, notified investigation and punishment of four judges from Shanghai High Court for discipline and law violations, and warned and educated court personnel with the negative cases. The SPC put forward an opinion on further strengthening disciplinary working style construction, and adhered to strict education, management and supervision of the court team. The SPC promulgated “Ten Bans”， and made special examination of the implementation of the “Eight－point Regulation” of the Party Central Committee. The SPC carried out a special campaign rectifying violation in allocation and use of public cars, and put an end to part－time jobs of court officials and judges in enterprises and public institutions. The SPC actively launched judicial inspection and trial supervision. The SPC improved the risk prevention and control mechanism for clean courts, strengthened system constraint, and improved the supervision defensive line featuring “early warning in advance, supervision in the process, and investigation and punishment after the event.” The SPC strictly implemented the “Five Bans”， and effectively enhanced investigation and punishment of discipline and law violations. Liu Yong, former secretary general of the SPC Investigation and Punishment Advisory Committee, was transferred to the judicial organ for suspected bribery. People's courts at various levels investigated and punished 381 court staff for abusing the judging and enforcement power, 101 of whom were prosecuted.

——Improving the political and professional competence of the court staff. The SPC intensified ideal and belief education, and always maintained firm political direction. The SPC promoted systematic management of judicial staff and job sequence reform of judges and court clerks, and improved the mechanism of recruiting and selecting judges. The SPC selected chose high－level talents from law schools and lawyers to improve the staff structure. The SPC trained 365 new presidents and 510,000 judges and other staff for intermediate and grassroots courts. The SPC appointed excellent judges to make circuit lectures in 12 provinces in the central and western regions, trained judges in bi－lingual courses in ethnic minority areas, and enhanced assistance to courts in Tibet, Qinghai and Xinjiang. The SPC gave a full play to the role of models including Song Yushui, Chen Yanping, Zhan Hongli and Zhai Shuquan, to inspire all judges to practice judicial justice for the people. The central government departments commended 430 collectives and 451 individuals from people's courts at various levels.

VII.Taking the Initiative to Accept Supervision, and Keeping Improving Work

——Consciously accepting the NPC's supervision.  The SPC earnestly reported work to the standing committee of the NPC, actively cooperated in special investigations and examination of law enforcement, and seriously listened to opinions and suggestions of the standing committees of the people's congresses of various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. In accordance with the requirements of the NPC Standing Committee, the SPC strengthened filing and sorting of judicial interpretations, and abolished 558 judicial interpretations and normative documents. Following the conclusion of the first session of the 12th NPC, the SPC carefully studied the deliberation opinions of the NPC delegates, and made rectification and implementation item by item. The SPC increased routine communication with the NPC delegates, voluntarily informed them the work of the SPC, established an online platform for communication with the NPC delegates and CPPCC members, invited them to join inspections, surveys and observe court trials, and paid visits to NPC delegates to listen to their views. The SPC seriously handled 189 proposals of the NPC delegates, and constantly improved the work of the people's courts in an all－round way.

——Earnestly accepting democratic supervision from the CPPCC, democratic parties, Federation of Industry and Commerce, and non－party personages. The SPC voluntarily notified the CPPCC on the work of the court, and handled 84 proposals submitted by the CPPCC members. It enhanced communication with the democratic parties, Federation of Industry and Commerce, and non－party personages through visits, surveys, seminars, and joint research of major subjects.

——Positively accepting litigation supervision from procuratorial organs. The SPC seriously handled procuratorial suggestions from the procuratorial organs, worked with the Supreme People's Procuratorate to formulate opinions on legal supervision of death sentence review, supported and cooperated with the procuratorial organs to fulfill the duty of litigation supervision according to law. The SPC heard prosecutor－protested effective judgments in accordance with law to jointly maintain judicial justice.

——Widely accepting social supervision. The SPC improved the communication mechanism with the public and the community contact point system, opened special columns of SPC President Mailbox and Message to Justices at the SPC official website, seriously handled letters from the public, and widely listened to the opinions of the people. The SPC employed 42 special supervisors in the second term and actively listened to their opinions and suggestions. The SPC consciously accepted supervision by public opinions, and actively responded to social concerns.

Fellow deputies, the development and progress of the people's courts over the past year were attributed to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the General Secretary, the powerful supervision of the NPC and its standing committee, the energetic support of the State Council, and the great care, support and assistance of the CPPCC, democratic parties, Federation of Industry and Commerce, non－party personages, people's organizations, local Party committees, people's congresses, governments and people's political consultative conferences at all levels, people from all walks of life, and NPC delegates and CPPCC members. Here, I would like to extend, on behalf of the SPC, our heartfelt gratitude!

We are keenly aware that there are still many problems and difficulties in the work of the people's courts. First, some cases are judged with unfairness and inefficiency, which harms the benefits of the parties involved and judicial credibility. Second, it remains difficult for case－filing, litigation and judgment enforcement in some people's courts, with a gap in meeting people's judicial requirements. Third, more efforts are needed to improve the system and mechanism guaranteeing people's courts to independently and fairly exercise the judicial power according to the law. Fourth, some courts are under heavy administrative management, which affects the quality and efficiency of trials. Fifth, some court officials are under heavy impacts of bureaucracy and special privilege, resulting in irregular and crude judicial acts, indifference, insolence, prevarication, deliberately creating obstacles, and extortion to concerned parties. Some even commit illegalities for personal gains, pervert justice for a bribe, to the discontent of the public. Sixth, people's courts experienced heavy workload with the sustainable growth of caseloads. Some people's courts have more cases but fewer staff, with serious brain drains and unreasonable personnel structure. Some people's courts in the western region, remote and border areas, and ethnic minority areas need further improve working conditions.

Major Tasks for 2014

This year, the people's courts will comprehensively implement the spirits of the 18th National Congress of the CPC, and the second and third plenary meetings of the 18th CPC Central Committee, study and implement the spirits of the central political and legal work conference and this session of the NPC, seriously implement the spirit of the series of important speeches of General Secretary Xi Jinping, closely center on the target of “allowing the people to feel the fairness and justice in every judicial case，” firmly uphold the cardinal line of justice for the people and judicial fairness, continuously deepen judicial reform, and conscientiously do all the work well in law enforcement and handling cases.

First, actively promoting the construction of a Safe China and the Rule of Law in China. The people's courts will punish severely according to law crimes threatening state security, all violent terrorist crimes including the Kunming 3 ·01 violent terrorist attack, crimes seriously endangering social security, crimes damaging military installations, so as to effectively maintain national security and social stability, and to enhance people's sense of security. The people's courts will take an active part in the fight against corruption, strengthen punishment for corruption crimes according to law, eliminate both “tigers” and “flies”， maintain high pressure on the crimes of corruption, bribery and dereliction of duty, and promote the construction of clean government. The people's courts will strictly perform judicial functions according to law, safeguard the unity, dignity and authority of the national legal system, promote social equity and justice, and guarantee people to live in prosperity and contentment.

Second, providing effective judicial guarantee for deepening the reform in an all－round way. The courts will center on the important arrangements of the Party Central Committee on comprehensively deepening reform, give full play to the functions of criminal, civil and administrative trials, and hear all types of cases happening in the course of the reform in accordance with law. The people's courts will strengthen the adjudication of state－owned enterprise restructuring cases and promote state－owned enterprises to improve modern enterprise system. The people's courts will intensify protection efforts to property rights of non－state－owned enterprises, and support sound development of non－public economy. The people's courts will enhance trials of new－type cases, and guarantee smooth progress of economic system reform according to law. The people's courts will attach great importance to hearing cases of transfer of rural land contract and management rights, health care, food sanitation, social security and environmental protection, and properly resolve related conflicts and disputes. The people's courts will strengthen judicial response to new situations and problems, put forward judicial proposals in a timely manner, and establish judicial interpretations in accordance with law, to facilitate healthy and sustainable economic and social development.

Third, further strengthening justice for the people and judicial fairness. The people's courts will always adhere to the mass line of the Party, properly try cases relating to people's livelihood, facilitate easy access to justice, further solve the difficulties of case－filing, litigation and law enforcement, never let the ordinary people unable to afford lawsuits, and effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the people. The people's courts will strengthen management of trials, standardize judicial conducts, enhance supervision and guidance, and improve the quality and efficiency of trials. The people's courts will standardize the formats of written documents, intensify reasoning of written judgments, and allow the parties involved to clearly understand their victory and defeat. The people's courts will improve the mechanism for prevention and rectification of unjust, false and erroneous cases, never allow unjust, false and erroneous verdicts to be released because the law－enforcement personnel bend law for selfish ends, and protect the innocent from subject to legal liability. The people's courts will more consciously accept supervision from all walks of life and promote fairness in this account.

Fourth, actively and steadily promoting judicial reform. Under unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, the courts will press ahead with all reforms focusing on speeding up construction of a fair, efficient and authoritative socialist judicial system. The SPC will establish and implement the Fourth Five－year Reform Plan of the People's Courts (2014－2018), to serve the modernization drive of the national governance system and governance capacity. The SPC will push forward pilot reform of jurisdiction operation mechanism and de－administration in the operation of judicial authority, under the principles of enabling the judges hearing the cases to reach verdicts and bear related responsibilities. The SPC will fully promote standardization of sentencing, and unify sentencing standards. The SPC will further deepen judicial transparency, and publish according to law all the effective judgments of the SPC and the 14 provincial and municipal people's courts in the eastern and central areas on the Internet. All the other provincial and regional people's courts will realize the goal in three years. The courts will open court sessions for the cases of commutation and parole, and intensify publicity of temporary execution of sentence outside jail, to ensure open, fair and just commutation, release on parole and temporary serving a sentence out of prison. The SPC will promote the reform on litigation－related petitions through letters and visits, improve the system of applying for re－trials and acceptance of cases of prosecutor－protested effective judgments, strictly implement the procedures of ending litigation－related petitions through letters and visits, actively carry out online petitions, circuit reception of petitions and visit petitioners with cases, and properly address reasonable and lawful appeals of the people. The SPC will promote the setup of intellectual property courts and resources and environment tribunals, further improve the system of judicial protection of human rights. The SPC will earnestly study pilot projects of unified management of personnel, funding and properties in local courts under the provincial level, and explore to establish a judicial jurisdiction system properly separating from the administrative divisions and a judicial personnel management system conforming to the professional characteristics of judges.

Fifth, further strengthening team building in people's courts. The SPC will consolidate ideological and political building, practice the core values of socialism and the socialist idea of rule of law, and live up to believing in the rule of law, standing fast to the rule of law, and enforce laws impartially and incorruptibly. It will vigorously strengthen regularization, specialization and professionalization of court staff, and enhance their judicial capacity. It will strengthen guidance to local people's courts over the Party's mass line education and practice activities, improve the judicial style in a persistent way, maintain close ties with the people, firmly rectify unhealthy practices of being cold and aloof to the people, speaking to people stiffly and insolently, and shrugging off duties, deliberately creating obstacles, and extortion, indolence and extravagance, and conscientiously solve misjudged cases because of social connections, personal feelings and economic interests. It will strictly implement the misjudged case accountability system, trace back the responsibilities, and ascertain where the responsibility lies. The SPC will, with a zero－tolerance attitude and the courage of scraping the poison off the bone and wrist－breaking, resolutely punish judicial corruption, eliminate the black sheep in the court team, and strive to build a honest and upright team of people's courts who has firm belief, enforces law for the people, and faces up to responsibility.

Sixth, earnestly strengthening the basic work of people's courts at the basic level. The SPC will intensify trial－level supervision, cancel unreasonable indicators for performance appraisal, enhance guidance for trial work of people's courts at the lower levels, and help the people's courts at the basic level to improve judicial competence. It will vigorously put into force grade－by－grade selection of judges, and expand the career development space of judges at the basic level. It will strengthen judicial occupational security guarantee, give priority to the grassroots in policies and salary treatment, endeavor to solve the problems and difficulties of personnel structural faults and losses of grassroots judges, care for the physical and mental health of judges at the basic level, intensify support to the construction of people's courts in western, remote and ethnic minority areas and old revolutionary base areas, and beef up the work in support of development in Tibet, Xinjiang and Qinghai, and continue to improve the judicial conditions and environments at the basic level. It will strengthen informatization construction and analysis of trial information data, to better safeguard trials and enforcements, and meet judicial demands of the people. It will strengthen the work of people's tribunals, and give full play to the important role of people's tribunals in the innovation of social governance and promotion of social harmony and stability.

Fellow deputies, the people's courts shoulder great work responsibilities and sacred missions under the new situation. We will, under the strong leadership of the CPC central committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of “Three Represents” and the Scientific Outlook on Development as guidance, conscientiously implement the resolutions of this session, faithfully perform the duties endowed by the Constitution and laws, work in a down－to－earth manner, blaze new trails, forge ahead with determination, overcome all difficulties, and make new and greater contribution to achieve the “two centenary” goals and the Chinese Dream of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation！

(In the event of any inconsistency between the Chinese and English versions，the Chinese version shall prevail.)

最高人民法院工作报告（全文）
——2014年3月10日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第二次会议上
最高人民法院院长周强

    各位代表：

    我代表最高人民法院向大会报告工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

2013年主要工作

    2013年，最高人民法院在以习近平同志为总书记的党中央坚强领导下，在全国人民代表大会及其常委会有力监督下，紧紧围绕“让人民群众在每一个司法案件中都感受到公平正义”的目标，坚持服务大局、司法为民、公正司法，忠实履行宪法和法律赋予的职责，各项工作取得新进展。最高人民法院受理案件11016件，审结9716件，比2012年分别上升3.2%和1.6%；地方各级人民法院受理案件1421.7万件，审结、执结1294.7万件，同比分别上升7.4%和4.4%。通过充分履行职能，为推进平安中国、法治中国建设作出积极贡献。

    一、依法惩治犯罪、保障人权、化解矛盾，维护社会和谐稳定

    依法惩治危害国家安全和社会稳定的犯罪。各级法院审结一审刑事案件95.4万件，判处罪犯115.8万人。依法严惩煽动分裂国家、暴力恐怖袭击等危害国家安全和公共安全犯罪，严惩严重危害人民群众生命财产安全的犯罪，审结杀人、抢劫、绑架、爆炸、强奸、拐卖妇女儿童、黑社会性质组织犯罪等案件25万件，判处罪犯32.5万人。最高人民法院会同有关部门发布指导意见，依法惩治性侵儿童犯罪和危害校园安全犯罪，加强对未成年人的保护。发布关于办理盗窃、敲诈勒索、抢夺等刑事案件司法解释，各级法院审结侵犯财产犯罪案件30.3万件，判处罪犯39.8万人。发布关于办理寻衅滋事、编造传播虚假恐怖信息等刑事案件司法解释，指导地方法院正确审理相关案件，依法惩治破坏社会秩序犯罪。发布关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件的司法解释，统一法律适用，打击利用网络造谣传谣的犯罪行为，维护良好的网络环境。依法惩治扰乱医疗秩序的违法犯罪行为，切实保护医务人员和广大患者合法权益。明确“醉驾”的认定标准，各级法院审结危险驾驶犯罪案件9万件。积极参与禁毒斗争，审结毒品犯罪案件9.5万件，判处罪犯9.9万人。最高人民法院认真做好死刑复核工作，严把案件事实关、证据关、法律关，确保死刑只适用于极少数罪行极其严重的犯罪分子。

    依法惩治经济犯罪、贪污贿赂和渎职犯罪。发布关于办理组织、领导传销活动刑事案件等指导意见，各级法院审结传销、走私、洗钱、非法集资、金融诈骗、内幕交易、商业贿赂等经济犯罪案件5万件，判处罪犯6.9万人。充分发挥刑事审判在惩治腐败中的职能作用，加大对贪污贿赂等犯罪的打击力度，审结国家工作人员贪污贿赂、渎职侵权犯罪案件2.9万件，判处罪犯3.1万人，其中包括薄熙来受贿、贪污、滥用职权案，刘志军受贿、滥用职权案等一批大案要案，促进反腐败斗争深入开展。

    依法惩治危害食品安全和污染环境犯罪。积极回应群众关切，发布关于办理危害食品安全犯罪的司法解释，各级法院审结相关案件2082件，判处罪犯2647人。发布关于办理污染环境刑事案件的司法解释，加大惩处污染环境犯罪力度。公布王长兵生产、销售有毒食品犯罪以及胡文标、丁月生投放危险物质污染环境犯罪等典型案例，有力震慑犯罪分子。

    坚决防止和纠正冤假错案。尊重和保障人权，恪守罪刑法定、证据裁判、疑罪从无等原则，严格排除非法证据，各级法院依法宣告825名被告人无罪，确保无罪的人不受刑事追究。加强与律师协会的沟通，高度重视律协、律师反映的问题，尊重和保障律师依法履职。以坚决果断的态度依法纠正“张氏叔侄强奸杀人案”等一批重大冤假错案，从错案中深刻汲取教训，强化证据审查，发挥庭审功能，与公安、检察机关分工负责、互相配合、互相制约，建立健全防范刑事冤假错案工作机制，坚守防止冤假错案底线。

    妥善化解社会矛盾。坚持合法自愿原则，规范司法调解，各级法院通过调解和撤诉方式处理案件479.8万件。依法支持仲裁机构发挥作用，执结仲裁裁决13.3万件。加强刑事附带民事诉讼调解工作，完善刑事被害人救助制度，保障被害人合法权益。积极参与社会治理，健全诉讼与非诉讼相衔接的矛盾纠纷解决机制，加大诉前调解力度，坚持和发展“枫桥经验”，指导、支持人民调解，将大量矛盾纠纷化解在基层和诉前，促进社会和谐。

    二、依法审理经济领域各类案件，促进经济持续健康发展

    加强商事审判工作。依法平等保护各类市场主体的合法权益，为加快转变经济发展方式、实现经济稳中求进提供司法保障，各级法院审结一审商事案件395.7万件。发布企业破产法司法解释，规范破产程序，保障债权人公平受偿，各级法院审结企业破产案件1998件。发布保险法司法解释和出口信用保险司法解释，各级法院审结保险、证券、票据等金融纠纷案件71.4万件。加强对经济社会发展新情况新问题的司法应对，认真研究服务实体经济、民间借贷等方面的法律问题，及时提出司法建议，积极防范和化解风险。

    加强知识产权审判工作。依法保护专利权、著作权、商标权，加大对网络知识产权司法保护力度，依法制裁不正当竞争和垄断行为，维护公平竞争的市场环境，促进国家创新体系建设，各级法院审结一审知识产权案件10万件。积极参与打击侵犯知识产权和制售假冒伪劣商品专项行动，公布知识产权司法保护状况白皮书和典型案例，树立我国知识产权司法保护良好形象。

    加强涉外、涉港澳台、涉侨、海事海商审判工作和司法交流合作。平等保护中外当事人合法权益，促进开放型经济发展，各级法院审结一审涉外商事案件5364件，涉港澳台案件1.5万件，海事海商案件1.1万件。妥善审理海洋污染和资源开发等案件，切实维护国家海洋权益。高度重视涉港澳台、涉侨案件审判工作，维护香港、澳门、台湾同胞和归侨侨眷合法权益。积极开展与港澳台地区和有关国家的司法交流与合作，推动在台湾举办第二届海峡两岸暨香港澳门司法高层论坛，办理送达文书、调查取证、裁判认可等国际、区际司法协助案件1.3万件。

    三、坚持司法为民，依法维护人民群众合法权益

    加强民事审判工作。依法保障和改善民生，各级法院审结一审民事案件355.4万件。发布关于审理劳动争议、食品药品纠纷案件司法解释和加强消费者权益司法保护等指导意见，各级法院审结涉及人身损害、劳动就业、教育、医疗、住房、消费等案件53.7万件。高度关注“三农”工作，维护农民权益，促进农业发展，审结涉及农村土地承包经营权流转、宅基地纠纷、拖欠农民工工资等案件20.3万件。高度重视保护农村留守老人、妇女、儿童、残疾人合法权益，审结婚姻家庭、抚养继承案件161.2万件，促进家庭和谐。审结资源开发、环境保护案件2464件，推进环境公益诉讼，促进美丽中国建设。高度重视涉军维权工作，依法审理涉军案件，健全涉军案件审判机构和工作制度，切实维护国防利益和军人军属合法权益。

    加强行政审判和国家赔偿工作。依法审理行政诉讼案件，切实保护公民、法人和其他组织合法权益，促进行政机关依法行政，各级法院审结一审行政诉讼案件12.1万件。妥善审理社会关注的房屋拆迁行政诉讼案件，依法保护被拆迁人合法权益，支持地方改善环境、发展经济。加强行政案件协调和非诉行政案件执行等工作，促进化解行政纠纷。及时向行政机关反馈审判工作中发现的行政执法突出问题，促进司法与行政良性互动。会同司法部出台加强国家赔偿法律援助工作的意见，保障困难群众依法行使赔偿请求权。发布适用质证程序审理国家赔偿案件的司法解释，确保国家赔偿程序公正透明。各级法院审结国家赔偿案件2045件，决定赔偿金额8735.2万元。

    依法解决涉诉信访群众诉求。强化群众观念，加强源头治理，建立长效机制，坚持重心下移，不断加强涉诉信访工作。最高人民法院设立巡回督导合议庭，带案下访，促进问题就地解决。各级法院共接待群众来访53.9万人次，同比下降10.2%。推进涉诉信访工作机制改革，完善“诉访分离”和案件终结机制，推动律师等第三方参与化解信访案件。加强审判监督，保障当事人申诉和申请再审权利，审结申诉和申请再审案件11.6万件，依法提起再审3万件，对原判确有错误或因其他法定事由改判7415件，占生效裁判的0.09%。

    着力解决执行难问题。各级法院受理执行案件298.9万件，执结271.8万件，同比分别上升14%和10.2%，其中执结涉机关单位执行积案2.1万件，执行到位金额256亿元。去年底开展了涉民生案件专项集中执行活动，执结案件3万件，执行到位金额11.4亿元。建立失信被执行人名单制度，实行公开曝光；在中央文明办和公安部、国资委、工商总局、银监会、民航局、中国铁路总公司等部门的支持下，对7.2万名失信被执行人进行了信用惩戒，约20%的失信被执行人慑于信用惩戒履行了义务。全面推进与金融机构和国土资源管理、工商行政管理等协助执行部门“点对点”网络执行查控机制建设，加大反规避执行力度。推进执行指挥中心建设，整合执行资源，提高执行效率。创新执行拍卖模式，通过网络进行司法拍卖，降低拍卖成本，提高债权清偿率。

    方便人民群众诉讼。因地制宜推进诉讼引导、预约立案、电子送达、巡回办案、远程视频开庭等工作，加强立案信访窗口标准化建设，努力从立案、审判、执行、信访各环节消除群众诉讼障碍。推进人民法庭建设，方便群众就近诉讼。加强风险提示、判后答疑等工作，引导当事人理性诉讼。适用小额速裁程序审理简易案件，减轻当事人诉讼负担。加大司法救助力度，各级法院为确有困难的当事人减免诉讼费1.9亿元。

    四、深化司法公开，促进司法公正

    加大庭审公开力度。积极推进阳光司法，全面客观公开案件事实、定案证据以及诉辩观点、判决理由，增进群众对司法裁判的了解和理解，彰显法治的文明和尊严。建成中国法院庭审直播网，各级法院直播案件庭审4.5万次。最高人民法院通过多种媒体直播社会关注案件庭审情况，济南中院通过微博全程直播薄熙来案庭审情况，取得良好效果。

    加快推进裁判文书上网。出台人民法院在互联网公布裁判文书的规定，建成中国裁判文书网，公布最高人民法院生效裁判文书3858份，地方各级法院上网公布生效裁判文书164.6万份，充分发挥裁判文书宣传法律知识、引领社会风尚、规范公众行为、树立正确导向的功能，传递法治正能量，同时促进法官提高业务素质和司法水平。

    创新司法公开形式。加强审判流程公开、裁判文书公开、执行信息公开三大平台建设，全面推进立案、庭审、执行、听证、文书、审务公开，防止暗箱操作。加强最高人民法院政务网站建设，开通最高人民法院微博、微信和新闻客户端，建成“全国法院微博发布厅”，及时向社会发布、公开审判执行信息，方便群众通过新媒体了解法院工作。开展主题开放日等活动，邀请人大代表、政协委员、基层群众、未成年人等走进法院、走近法官，零距离感受法院工作。

    加强司法公开技术支撑。制定人民法院信息化建设五年发展规划，推进全国法院信息网络“天平工程”建设，全面提升信息化水平。建设科技法庭，推进庭审全程录音录像。最高人民法院建成信息管理中心，推进四级法院司法信息资源整合利用，为深化司法公开提供科技保障。

    五、推进司法改革，强化监督指导，提升司法水平

    改革审判工作运行机制。积极推进审判权运行机制改革、涉诉信访工作机制改革；配合废止劳动教养制度，探索建立轻微刑事案件简易处理程序。指导设立专业法庭，为中国上海自由贸易试验区运行提供司法保障和服务。支持珠海横琴、深圳前海等地先行先试，探索建立新的法院工作模式。推进量刑规范化工作，制定关于常见犯罪量刑指导意见，促进量刑公开透明、公平公正。

    加强人民陪审员工作。推进司法民主，畅通人民群众依法参与、监督审判工作渠道，各级法院组织人民陪审员参审案件169.5万件，占一审普通程序案件的73.2%。启动人民陪审员“倍增计划”，增加选任人民陪审员3.8万人。规范人民陪审员参审方式和流程，加强培训工作，提高人民陪审员履职能力。向全国人大常委会专项报告人民陪审员工作并认真落实审议意见，促进人民陪审员工作健康发展。

    加强监督指导和审判管理。制定践行司法为民、加强公正司法、提高司法公信力的意见，监督指导地方各级法院提升审判质量和效率。加强司法解释制定和清理工作，发布司法解释28件，充分发挥司法解释功能，促进改革发展，保障人民权益，推动社会进步。发布14个指导性案例，统一同类案件裁判标准。加强案件质量评查和审限管理，规范减刑、假释案件审理，严格暂予监外执行的适用条件和程序，促进司法公正高效。各类案件一审后当事人服判息诉率为91.1%，二审后达到98.6%。

    六、坚持从严管理，加强法院队伍建设

    扎实开展党的群众路线教育实践活动。认真学习习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，强化宗旨意识和群众观念。坚持开门搞活动，通过深入基层调研、公开征求意见等方式，认真听取群众意见建议。严格落实中央八项规定精神，加强司法作风建设，公开曝光违纪案件，坚决查纠法院系统存在的“四风”问题。紧紧围绕立案、审判、执行等方面群众反映突出的问题，制定31项整改措施，取得阶段性成效。

    加强纪律作风和反腐倡廉建设。开展司法廉洁集中教育活动，通报上海高院4名法官违纪违法等案件查处情况，以反面典型加强警示教育。出台进一步加强纪律作风建设的意见，坚持对法院队伍从严教育、从严管理、从严监督。颁布“十个不准”，对贯彻中央八项规定精神进行专项检查。对违规配置使用公车开展专项治理，清理法院领导干部和审判人员在企事业单位兼职。积极开展司法巡查和审务督察。完善廉政风险防控机制，加强制度约束，健全“事前预警、事中监控、事后查究”的监督防线。严格执行“五个严禁”规定，切实加大对违纪违法案件的查处力度。最高人民法院查处咨询委员会原秘书长刘涌涉嫌受贿案，移送司法机关处理。各级法院共查处利用审判执行权违纪违法干警381人，其中追究刑事责任101人。

    提高法院队伍政治业务素质。强化理想信念教育，始终保持政治坚定。推动司法人员分类管理和法官、书记员职务序列改革，完善法官招录和遴选机制。从法学院校和律师队伍中选拔高层次人才，改善队伍结构。培训新任中级、基层法院院长365人次，培训法官和其他工作人员51万人次。选派优秀法官赴中西部12个省区市巡回授课，继续开展民族地区双语法官培训，加强对西藏、青海、新疆等地法院的援助。发挥宋鱼水、陈燕萍、詹红荔、翟树全等先进典型的示范作用，激励广大法官公正司法、为民司法。各级法院共有430个集体、451名个人受到中央有关部门表彰奖励。

    七、主动接受监督，不断改进工作

    自觉接受人大监督。最高人民法院认真向全国人大常委会报告工作，积极配合开展专题调研和执法检查，认真听取各省区市人大常委会有关部门的意见建议。按照全国人大常委会的要求，加强司法解释备案和清理工作，废止司法解释及规范性文件558件。十二届全国人大一次会议闭幕后，最高人民法院认真研究代表审议意见，逐条整改落实。加强与代表的日常联络，主动通报法院工作情况，开通全国人大代表、全国政协委员网络沟通平台，邀请代表、委员参加视察、调研、旁听庭审等活动，走访部分代表，当面听取意见。认真办理全国人大代表建议189件，不断改进人民法院各项工作。

    认真接受人民政协和各民主党派、工商联、无党派人士的民主监督。主动向政协通报法院工作情况，办理全国政协委员提案84件。通过走访调研、召开座谈会、联合开展重大课题研究等方式，加强与各民主党派、工商联、无党派人士联系沟通。

    积极接受检察机关诉讼监督。认真对待检察机关提出的检察建议，会同最高人民检察院制定关于死刑复核法律监督工作的意见，支持、配合检察机关依法履行诉讼监督职责。依法审理检察机关对生效裁判提出的抗诉案件，共同维护司法公正。

    广泛接受社会监督。健全民意沟通机制，完善基层联系点制度，在最高人民法院政务网站开设“院长信箱”和“给大法官留言”专栏，认真办理群众来信，广泛听取群众意见。最高人民法院聘请第二届42名特约监督员，主动听取意见建议。自觉接受舆论监督，积极回应社会关切。

    各位代表，过去一年人民法院工作的发展进步，是以习近平同志为总书记的党中央坚强领导，全国人大及其常委会有力监督，国务院大力支持，全国政协、各民主党派、工商联、无党派人士、各人民团体以及地方各级党委、人大、政府、政协、社会各界和全国人大代表、全国政协委员关心、支持、帮助的结果。在此，我代表最高人民法院表示衷心的感谢！

    我们清醒地认识到，人民法院工作还存在不少问题和困难：一是有的案件裁判不公、效率不高，损害了有关当事人利益和司法公信力。二是一些法院仍然存在立案难、诉讼难、执行难等问题，在满足人民群众司法需求方面还有差距。三是确保人民法院依法独立公正行使审判权的体制机制还有待健全。四是一些法院管理行政化色彩浓厚，影响了审判质量和效率。五是少数干警官僚主义和特权思想严重，司法行为不规范、不文明，对当事人冷硬横推、吃拿卡要，有的甚至徇私舞弊、贪赃枉法，群众反映强烈。六是随着案件数量持续增长，人民法院办案压力越来越大，部分法院案多人少、人员流失、法官断层等问题仍然比较严重，一些西部、边远、民族地区法院工作条件有待进一步改善，等等。对这些问题和困难，我们将切实采取措施，努力予以解决。

2014年工作安排

    今年，人民法院要全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届二中、三中全会精神，学习贯彻中央政法工作会议和本次全国人大会议精神，认真贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，紧紧围绕“让人民群众在每一个司法案件中都感受到公平正义”的目标，牢牢坚持司法为民、公正司法主线，不断深化司法改革，切实做好执法办案等各项工作。

    一是积极推进平安中国、法治中国建设。依法严惩危害国家安全犯罪，严惩昆明“3·01”暴力恐怖袭击群众等一切暴力恐怖犯罪，严惩严重危害社会治安犯罪，严惩破坏军事设施等犯罪，切实维护国家安全和社会稳定，增强人民群众的安全感。积极参与反腐败斗争，加大依法惩治腐败犯罪力度，坚持“老虎”、“苍蝇”一起打，对贪污贿赂、渎职犯罪保持高压态势，促进建设廉洁政治。严格依法履行审判职责，维护国家法制统一、尊严、权威，促进社会公平正义，保障人民安居乐业。

    二是为全面深化改革提供有力司法保障。紧紧围绕党中央关于全面深化改革的重大部署，充分发挥刑事、民事、行政等各项审判职能，依法审理改革过程中发生的各类案件。加强对国有企业改制等案件的审理，推动国有企业完善现代企业制度；加强对非公有制企业财产权的保护，支持非公有制经济健康发展；加强对新类型案件的审理，依法保障经济体制改革顺利推进。高度重视审理农村土地承包经营权流转、医疗、食品卫生、社会保障、环境保护等方面的案件，妥善化解相关矛盾纠纷。加强对新情况、新问题的司法应对，及时提出司法建议，依法制定司法解释，促进经济社会持续健康发展。

    三是进一步强化司法为民、公正司法。始终坚持党的群众路线，妥善审理涉民生案件，加强司法便民利民工作，进一步破解立案难、诉讼难、执行难等问题，决不让老百姓打不起官司，切实维护群众合法权益。加强审判管理，规范司法行为，强化监督指导，提高审判质量和效率。规范裁判文书格式，强化裁判文书说理，让当事人无论胜诉败诉都明明白白。健全完善预防和纠正冤假错案工作机制，决不允许执法犯法造成冤假错案，保护无辜者不受追究。更加自觉地接受各方面监督，以监督促公正。

    四是积极稳妥推进司法改革。在党中央统一领导下，紧紧围绕加快建设公正高效权威的社会主义司法制度推进各项改革，制定、实施《人民法院第四个五年改革纲要（2014－2018）》，服务国家治理体系和治理能力现代化建设。按照让审理者裁判、由裁判者负责的原则，推进审判权运行机制改革试点，解决审判权运行中的行政化问题。全面推进量刑规范化工作，统一量刑标准。进一步深化司法公开，最高人民法院及东中部14个省区市法院的生效裁判文书依法全部上网公布，其他省区法院3年内全部实现这一目标。对减刑、假释案件实行开庭审理，加大暂予监外执行的公示力度，确保减刑、假释和暂予监外执行公开公平公正。推进涉诉信访工作改革，完善申请再审和申诉立案受理制度，严格涉诉信访终结程序，积极开展网上信访、巡回接访、带案下访等工作，妥善解决群众合法合理诉求。推进知识产权法院和资源环境审判机构建设。完善人权司法保障制度。认真研究省以下地方法院人财物统一管理试点方案，探索建立与行政区划适当分离的司法管辖制度和符合法官职业特点的司法人员管理制度。

    五是进一步加强法院队伍建设。加强思想政治建设，践行社会主义核心价值观和社会主义法治理念，做到信仰法治、坚守法治、铁面无私、秉公执法。大力加强法院队伍正规化、专业化、职业化建设，提高司法能力。加强对地方法院党的群众路线教育实践活动的指导，持之以恒改进司法作风，保持同人民群众的血肉联系，坚决整治冷硬横推、吃拿卡要、庸懒散奢等不正之风，切实解决关系案、人情案、金钱案等问题。严格落实错案责任追究制度，实行责任倒查、有责必究。以零容忍的态度和刮骨疗毒、壮士断腕的勇气，坚决惩治司法腐败行为，坚决清除法院队伍中的害群之马，努力建设一支信念坚定、执法为民、敢于担当、清正廉洁的法院队伍。

    六是切实加强人民法院基层基础工作。强化审级监督，取消不合理的考核指标，加强对下指导，帮助基层提高司法水平。大力推行法官逐级遴选工作，拓展基层法官职业发展空间。加强司法职业保障，在政策待遇等方面向基层倾斜，努力解决基层法官断层、人员流失等问题和困难，关心基层法官身心健康，加大对西部、边远、民族地区和革命老区法院建设支持力度，加强援藏、援疆、援青等工作，不断改善基层司法条件和环境。加强信息化建设和审判信息数据分析，更好地保障审判执行工作，满足群众司法需求。加强人民法庭工作，充分发挥人民法庭在创新社会治理、促进社会和谐稳定中的重要作用。

    各位代表，新形势下人民法院工作责任重大，使命神圣。我们要在以习近平同志为总书记的党中央坚强领导下，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，认真贯彻执行本次大会决议，忠实履行宪法和法律赋予的职责，扎实工作，开拓创新，锐意进取，攻坚克难，为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标和中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦作出新的更大贡献！（完）